DCRs –
Models
The most common approaches to DCRs are the fixed site integrated model, the fixed site stand-alone or specialised model, and the mobile DCR, with each typology usually part of a broader, interlinked network of services and located to an area with a high prevalence of drug use in public spaces.
Integrated DCRs
Integrated facilities are the most common type, as DCR’s have frequently evolved as part of a wider network of services. Integrated DCR’s are likely to be located in socio-medical centres, provding counselling and testing for HIV and HCV. Example of this are: drop-in centres with needle and syringe programs (NSP), psychosocial support, housing programs, medical services or employment programs. In an integrated facility, DCR’s are located in a dedicated area. Access is regulated by staff and limited to a certain group of clients.
Fixed Stand-Along DCRs
Specialised DCR’s are less common than integrated services, as its services are solely dedicated to drug use and operate independently, forming partnerships with other socio-medical services. Specialised DCR’s are often set up in close vicinity to other drugs services and located near the open drug scene, knowing that in this locations there is a high need for safe and hygienic use environments.
Mobile DCRs
Mobile DCR’s are comprised of specially designed vans with injection and smoking booths. This kind of model is chosen on occasion as it offers a more socially acceptable option to a fixed site service. Further, mobile DCR’s can cover large geographical areas, and are capable of reaching drug users in different locations in the city, such a suburbs and outskirts, where drugs are used on the street.
In addition to supervised drug use, mobile DCR’S offer a range of services that vary from needle exchange, distribution of condoms, methadone substitution programs, counselling for drug users and sex workers, and referral to health care services. Mobile DCRs can run independently or as a complementary service to a fixed site DCR.